Forgotten Christmas customs and traditions in Epirus

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In a society that is increasingly morally fading, the morals and customs of Christmas in the old days are a matter of concern and not just nostalgia, either for those who experienced them or for those who heard and read about them.

During the Christmas holidays, people not only had fun, but they got to know the born Christ better. And they loved him. And they experienced his teaching. And they carried him in their hearts.

They made it a practice and a life. The old Christmas customs and traditions still show that individuals practiced love, humility and "appeased" the whole world. They were Christ-bearing souls. Are we not looking for such souls today?

Myths about goblins

Particularly widespread in Epirus are the beliefs about goblins, who according to tradition appear from christmas And leave on epiphany With the holy Communion.

That is, satanic spirits are driven out by the light of Christ. These beliefs were inherited from paganism and it is no coincidence that they developed in Epirus.

In ancient Thesprotia, the concept of goblins was also combined with the necromancy of Ephyra, according to which the people believed that the souls of the dead returned to earth for a period of time and stayed close to the living, where, trying to have fun, they became annoying with their pranks.

The Ottoman rule contributed to the strengthening and continuation of belief in these beings. The blind submission of people to superstition helped the myth of goblins to reach our days.

Με βάση τη λαϊκή φαντασία, ο καλικάντζαρος κατά τόπους εµφανίζεται µε ανθρώπινη µορφή, τριχωτό δέρµα, άλλοτε τυφλός, άλλοτε µονόφθαλµος, κουτσοπόδαρος, τραγοπόδαρος, ψηλός, λιγνός µε σιδερένια παπούτσια, ξεπλατισµένος, κωµικός πάντα στην εµφάνιση και στην περπατησιά.

Πότε δεν κόβει τα νύχια του και είναι πάντα άσχηµος. Πιστευόταν ότι όποιος γεννηθεί µεταξύ Χριστουγέννων και Αγίου Βασιλείου, µετά το θάνατό του γίνονταν καλικάντζαρος.

Οι καλικάντζαροι εµφανίζονται στις γιορτές. Συμβολίζουν το σκοτάδι και ζουν όλο το χρόνο στα έγκατα της γης, προσπαθώντας να κόψουν το δέντρο που βαστάει τη γη.

Όταν είναι πολύ κοντά να το πετύχουν, την παραμονή των Χριστουγέννων ανεβαίνουν στη γη δημιουργώντας προβλήματα στους ανθρώπους

Οι άνθρωποι προσπαθούσαν να τους εξουδετερώσουν με διάφορους τρόπους και κυριότερα με τη φωτιά, η οποία έκαιγεσυνεχώς στο τζάκι όλο το Δωδεκαήμερο.

Με τη στάχτη του ράντιζαν το σπίτι ξημερώματα παραμονής Θεοφανείων και ανήμερα της εορτής με αγιασμό, και έτσι τα δαιμόνια τρέποντα σε φυγή.

Έθιμα των Χριστουγέννων

Ένα από τα πολλά έθιμα των Χριστουγέννων στην Ήπειρο ήταν το ψήσιμο του «Χριστόψωμου». Ήταν μια κουλούρα με πλούσιο στολισμό από λογής-λογής κεντήματα (κεντίδια) ή «πλουμίδια».

Αυτά τα στολίδια, όπως αλέτρι, βόδια κ.λπ., είχαν κυρίως να κάνουν με την αγροτική ζωή, φύλλα αμπέλου και ελιάς, θημωνιές από ξύλα κ.λπ.

Το «Χριστόψωμο», το αφιέρωνε η οικογένεια με ευλάβεια και με την προσδοκία ότι ο Χριστός θα κάνει πραγματικότητα τις επιθυμίες της.

«Οι τηγανίτες των Χριστουγέννων, που σήμερα γίνονται καμία σχέση δεν έχουν σε γεύση με τις τηγανίτες, που ψήνονταν στην πλάκα», λένε οι γεροντότεροι.

Πάνω στη μαυρόπλακα, μια βαριά ίσια πέτρινη πλάκα, που πριν χρησιμοποιηθεί ζεσταινόταν, η γιαγιά του σπιτιού συνήθως, έψηνε τις τηγανίτες με χυλό από αλεύρι, νερό και αλάτι.

Τα παιδιά περίμεναν όλο χαρά τις τηγανίτες να τις φάνε ζεστές, τρυφερές, βουτηγμένες σε ζάχαρη, μέλι, πετιμέζι, ό,τι είχε το σπίτι τους. Μπορεί να μην απολάμβαναν τότε ότι απολαμβάνουμε εμείς σήμερα, ωστόσο ένιωθαν ομορφιά, αγαλλίαση και ειρήνη.

Περνούσαν αγνά τα Χριστούγεννα και τα καταλάβαιναν. Γι’ αυτό οι μνήμες έμεναν βαθιά χαραγμένες στην καρδιά. Είχαν γιορτή! Ήταν Χριστούγεννα. Όλοι μαζί, στην εστία του σπιτιού, δημιουργούσαν κάτι από τα απλά υλικά που είχαν.

"Speechless water" is another custom found in Epirus. On Christmas morning, before dawn, women would go to the tap and get water, saying: "As the water flows in my tap, so may my harvest flow."

The "silent water", as it was called, got its name because it was forbidden to speak to anyone along the way. Everyone in the house drank from this water for good luck.

The woman would take various delicacies with her to "feed the fountain," as they said. In reality, they did it so that some poor fellow villager could enjoy Christmas food.

Moreover, during christmas, in Many villages of arta, when Someone visited their loved ones, they would hold a holly branch, which they would light on the street.

The custom symbolized the shepherds, who on the night of Jesus' Birth, went to worship the Divine Infant and, to light their way, cut branches and lit them.

Preparations for the celebration of Christmas in Epirus began in November, specifically on the feast of Saint Andrew, when the traditional bolia with corn and other legumes were boiled.

In December, the housewives of Epirus used to make pancakes on the griddle. They are a sweet treat.

The pancakes were made with honey, sugar water, walnuts and cinnamon. According to tradition, these are the swaddling clothes of Christ. They also made buns and made sweets. The pancakes were eaten on Christmas Eve.

The "bread of Christ" was kneaded on Christmas Eve with special reverence. Its essential ornament was the engraved cross. On Christmas Day, the head of the house would take the bread of Christ, cross it, cut it and distribute it to all those present at the table, as a symbol of Holy Communion, where Christ gave the bread to his entire human family.

On the eve, children would go out into the neighborhoods to sing carols. The traditional Christmas table in Epirus included pork. The preparation for the slaughter of the pig was done with great care.

In some villages, they would go to the neighbor's house to say happy birthday, and all the married children would go to their parents' house to kiss the hand of their father and mother.

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